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Saccharum

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Saccharum
Saccharum officinarum[3]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Supertribe: Andropogonodae
Tribe: Andropogoneae
Subtribe: Saccharinae
Genus: Saccharum
L.
Type species
Saccharum officinarum
Synonyms[4]
  • Erianthus Michx.
  • Narenga Bor
  • Saccharifera Stokes
  • Syllepis E.Fourn.

Saccharum is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family.[5]

The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted oceanic islands. Several species are cultivated and naturalized in areas outside their native habitats.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

Saccharum includes the sugarcanes. They have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are generally rich in sugar, and measure two to six m (6 to 19 ft) tall. All sugarcane species interbreed and the major commercial cultivars are complex hybrids.

Species

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As of September 2021, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:[4]

Placed in Lasiorhachis by Plants of the World Online as of September 2021:[14]

Placed in Tripidium by Plants of the World Online as of September 2021:[15]

Formerly included

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Numerous species are now considered better suited in other genera: Andropogon, Chloris, Digitaria, Eriochrysis, Eulalia, Gynerium, Hemarthria, Imperata, Lophopogon, Melinis, Miscanthus, Panicum, Pappophorum, Paspalum, Perotis, Pogonatherum, Pseudopogonatherum, Spodiopogon, and Tricholaena.[6]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ lectotype designated by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot. 119 (1929)
  2. ^ Tropicos, Saccharum L.
  3. ^ 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
  4. ^ a b "Saccharum L.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-09-05.
  5. ^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 54 in Latin
  6. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  7. ^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 576 甘蔗属 gan zhe shu Saccharum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 54. 1753.
  8. ^ Flora of Pakistan, Saccharum Linn., Sp. Pl. 1: 54. 1753. Gen. Pl., ed. 5; 28.1754
  9. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  10. ^ Catasus Guerra, L. 1997. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, I. Fontqueria 46: [i–ii], 1–259.
  11. ^ Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl. 1994. 146. Saccharum L. 6: 378–379. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  12. ^ Phillips, S. 1995. Poaceae (Gramineae). Flora of Ethiopia 7: i–xx, 1–420.
  13. ^ Welker, C. A. D. & H. M. Longhi-Wagner. 2012. The genera Eriochrysis P. Beauv., Imperata Cirillo and Saccharum L. (Poaceae - Andropogoneae - Saccharinae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Botany 35(1): 87–105.
  14. ^ "Lasiorhachis (Hack.) Stapf". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-09-05.
  15. ^ "Tripidium H.Scholz". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-09-04.
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