Cynoglossum

Cynoglossum
Cynoglossum officinale
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Boraginales
Family:	Boraginaceae
Subfamily:	Boraginoideae
Genus:	Cynoglossum L. (1753)
Type species
Cynoglossum officinale L.
Synonyms
Mapuchea Serrano, R.Carbajal & S.Ortiz (2016) Paracynoglossum Popov (1953) Pardoglossum E.Barbier & Mathez (1973)

Cynoglossum is a genus of small-flowered plants in the family Boraginaceae (borage family). It includes 81 species native to Eurasia, Africa, New Guinea, and Australia.

Cynoglossum officinale, the common hound's-tongue, is a native of Asia, Africa, and Europe. It has been introduced into North America, and it is considered to be a troublesome weed because its burs stick to the wool of sheep and to other animals. Ingestion of this plant can also lead to photosensitivity in grazing animals.

Species

As of July 2024, there are 81 accepted species in the genus:

• Cynoglossum aequinoctiale T.C.E.Fr.
• Cynoglossum alpestre Ohwi
• Cynoglossum alpinum (Brand) Riedl
• Cynoglossum alticola Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
• Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J.R.Drumm. — Chinese hound's tongue
• Cynoglossum amplifolium Hochst. ex A.DC.
• Cynoglossum asperrimum Nakai
• Cynoglossum australe R.Br.
• Cynoglossum × austriacum Rech.
• Cynoglossum austroafricanum Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
• Cynoglossum baeticum Sutorý
• Cynoglossum barbaricinum Arrigoni & Selvi
• Cynoglossum birkinshawii J.S.Mill.
• Cynoglossum borbonicum (Lam.) Bory
• Cynoglossum bottae Deflers
• Cynoglossum brandii Sutorý
• Cynoglossum castaneum Riedl
• Cynoglossum celebicum Brand
• Cynoglossum cernuum Baker
• Cynoglossum cheirifolium L.
• Cynoglossum cheranganiense Verdc.
• Cynoglossum clandestinum Desf.
• Cynoglossum coeruleum Hochst. ex A.DC.
• Cynoglossum columnae Ten.
• Cynoglossum creticum Mill. — blue hound's tongue
• Cynoglossum dalianum Sutorý
• Cynoglossum densefoliatum Chiov.
• Cynoglossum dioscoridis Vill.
• Cynoglossum divaricatum Stephan ex Lehm.
• Cynoglossum formosanum Nakai
• Cynoglossum gansuense Y.L.Liu
• Cynoglossum germanicum Jacq. — green hound's tongue
• Cynoglossum glabellum Riedl
• Cynoglossum hanangense Verdc.
• Cynoglossum hellwigii Brand
• Cynoglossum hispidum Thunb.
• Cynoglossum holosericeum Steven
• Cynoglossum inyangense E.S.Martins
• Cynoglossum javanicum (Lehm.) A.DC.
• Cynoglossum kandavanense (Bornm. & Gauba) Akhani
• Cynoglossum karamojense Verdc.
• Cynoglossum krasniqii Wraber
• Cynoglossum lanceolatum Forssk.
• Cynoglossum × legionense Rothm.
• Cynoglossum lowryanum J.S.Mill.
• Cynoglossum macrocalycinum Riedl
• Cynoglossum macrolimbe Riedl
• Cynoglossum magellense Ten.
• Cynoglossum maghrebicum Sutorý
• Cynoglossum mathezii Greuter & Burdet
• Cynoglossum mediterraneum Sutorý
• Cynoglossum meeboldii Brand
• Cynoglossum microglochin Benth.
• Cynoglossum × modorense Rech.
• Cynoglossum monophlebium Baker
• Cynoglossum montanum L.
• Cynoglossum natolicum (Bornm.) Sutorý
• Cynoglossum nebrodense Guss.
• Cynoglossum nova-guineese Riedl
• Cynoglossum obtusicalyx Retief & A.E.van Wyk
• Cynoglossum officinale L. — common hound's tongue
• Cynoglossum papuanum Schltr. ex O.Brand
• Cynoglossum pitardianum Greuter & Burdet
• Cynoglossum pustulatum Boiss.
• Cynoglossum rochelia A.DC.
• Cynoglossum sabirense (R.R.Mill & A.G.Mill.) J.R.I.Wood
• Cynoglossum semnanicum Khat.
• Cynoglossum seravshanicum (B.Fedtsch.) Popov
• Cynoglossum spelaeum Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
• Cynoglossum sphacioticum Boiss. & Heldr.
• Cynoglossum stewartii Kazmi
• Cynoglossum timorense Riedl
• Cynoglossum torvum Dimon & M.A.M.Renner
• Cynoglossum trinervium (Duthie) Greuter & Stier
• Cynoglossum trollii Melch.
• Cynoglossum tsaratananense J.S.Mill.
• Cynoglossum tubiflorum (Murb.) Greuter & Burdet
• Cynoglossum ukaguruense Verdc.
• Cynoglossum vanense Sutorý
• Cynoglossum viridiflorum Pall. ex Lehm.
• Cynoglossum wallichii G.Don
• Cynoglossum watieri (Batt. & Maire) Braun-Blanq. & Maire
• Cynoglossum wildii E.S.Martins
• Cynoglossum yemenense (R.R.Mill & A.G.Mill.) Verdc.
• Cynoglossum zeylanicum (Sw. ex Lehm.) Thunb. ex Brand — Ceylon hound's tongue